Could A Bond Market Tantrum Derail Stock Prices?

Preface: Explaining our market timing models 

We maintain several market timing models, each with differing time horizons. The "Ultimate Market Timing Model" is a long-term market timing model based on the research outlined in our post, Building the ultimate market timing model. This model tends to generate only a handful of signals each decade.

The Trend Asset Allocation Model is an asset allocation model that applies trend-following principles based on the inputs of global stock and commodity prices. This model has a shorter time horizon and tends to turn over about 4-6 times a year. The performance and full details of a model portfolio based on the out-of-sample signals of the Trend Model can be found here.

 

My inner trader uses a trading model, which is a blend of price momentum (is the Trend Model becoming more bullish, or bearish?) and overbought/oversold extremes (don't buy if the trend is overbought, and vice versa). Subscribers receive real-time alerts of model changes, and a hypothetical trading record of the email alerts is updated weekly here. The hypothetical trading record of the trading model of the real-time alerts that began in March 2016 is shown below.

  

The latest signals of each model are as follows:

• Ultimate market timing model: Buy equities (Last changed from “sell” on 28-Jul-2023)*
• Trend Model signal: Bullish (Last changed from “bearish” on 27-Jun-2025)*
• Trading model: Neutral (Last changed from “bullish” on 31-Jul-2025)*

* The performance chart and model readings have been delayed by a week out of respect to our paying subscribers.

Update schedule: I generally update model readings on my site on weekends. I am also on X/Twitter at @humblestudent and on BlueSky at @humblestudent.bsky.social. Subscribers receive real-time alerts of trading model changes, and a hypothetical trading record of those email alerts is shown here.

Subscribers can access the latest signal in real time here.

 

Watch Out For September

August 2025 was good month for U.S. equities. The S&P 500 reached an all-time high and returned 2.1% for the month. It is said that strength begets strength. My Trend Asset Allocation Model, which applies trend-following techniques to global stock markets and commodities, remains on an intermediate-term risk-on signal.

 

As investors approach September, however, they may encounter some seasonal headwinds. Jeffrey Hirsch of Almanac Trader documented how September is the worst month for stocks on a seasonal basis, and “post-election years DJIA and S&P 500 have declined in 10 of the last 18 Septembers”.
 

The most likely trigger is turmoil in the bond market. I am seeing signs of a set-up for a bond market tantrum. 

The full post can be found here.

 

Special announcement: Humble Student of the Markets will cease publication on March 31, 2026. See this announcement for more details and updates.  

 

Can a New Bull Begin at a Forward P/E of 22?

It’s official, my long-term market timing model has confirmed a buy signal at the end of June. It first flashed a sell signal in late January when the 14-month RSI of the NYSE Composite exhibited a negative divergence when the market made a new high, but RSI didn’t. Now it flashed a buy signal at the end of June when MACD recycled from negative to positive (bottom panel), though you have to squint to see when it went negative in May.

This model has shown a strong track record over the years. If you had sold in late January and bought back in when the S&P 500 made a new high last week, you would have missed the tariff drama drawdowns of the last few months.

 
In my discussions with investors, one key question keeps coming up. The S&P 500 is trading at a forward P/E of 22. Can a new bull truly begin at such elevated valuations?

The full post can be found here.

 

Special announcement: Humble Student of the Markets will cease publication on March 31, 2026. See this announcement for more details and updates.    

 

The Surprise Victor of the Israel-Iran War

So far, the Middle East truce is holding and oil prices have begun to normalize. An Economist article featured analysis from the Ceasefire Group that studied ceasefires between 1989 and 2020 and found about half were successful, one-third collapsed and the outcome of the remainder were inconclusive. Of Middle East ceasefires, about half failed.

 

I assess the current situation in the Israel-Iran conflict and its implications for investors.
 

The full post can be found here.

 

Special announcement: Humble Student of the Markets will cease publication on March 31, 2026. See this announcement for more details and updates.       

Sell America = Buy Gold

I am reiterating my bullish view on gold. Gold staged an upside breakout through a cup-and-handle pattern at 2100 in early 2024 and hasn’t looked back since. Moreover, it has staged upside relative breakouts against both the S&P 500 and a 60/40 proxy and it has stayed above the relative breakout levels even after the recent pullback. The technical pattern of multi-year bases and subsequent absolute and relative breakouts is highly reminiscent of the pattern experienced by gold at the start of the 21st Century, which took the yellow metal from its breakout at 500 in 2004 to significant higher prices.
 

I believe this is just the start of a secular bull cycle for gold prices, based on a secular Sell America investment cycle.
 

The full post can be found here.

 

Special announcement: Humble Student of the Markets will cease publication on March 31, 2026. See this announcement for more details and updates.  

An American Emerging Market crisis?

Something unusual happened recently. During risk-off episodes, U.S. economic pain has been cushioned by falling bond yields and an appreciating USD, which translates into lower interest rates and more consumer spending power.
 

The risk-off episode that began in early April, which was just after the “Liberation Day” tariff announcements, saw the opposite. The price of the 10-year Treasury note fell more when denominated in all major currencies except the Chinese yuan. Foreigners were fleeing USD assets and Treasury paper, meaning the pain was amplified.

Had the panic not been stemmed, it was starting to look like a classic emerging market crisis.
 

The full post can be found here.

 

 

Special announcement: Humble Student of the Markets will cease publication on March 31, 2026. See this announcement for more details and updates.    

60/40 in an era of American Unexceptionalism

Preface: Explaining our market timing models 

We maintain several market timing models, each with differing time horizons. The "Ultimate Market Timing Model" is a long-term market timing model based on the research outlined in our post, Building the ultimate market timing model. This model tends to generate only a handful of signals each decade.

The Trend Asset Allocation Model is an asset allocation model that applies trend-following principles based on the inputs of global stock and commodity prices. This model has a shorter time horizon and tends to turn over about 4-6 times a year. The performance and full details of a model portfolio based on the out-of-sample signals of the Trend Model can be found here.

  

My inner trader uses a trading model, which is a blend of price momentum (is the Trend Model becoming more bullish, or bearish?) and overbought/oversold extremes (don't buy if the trend is overbought, and vice versa). Subscribers receive real-time alerts of model changes, and a hypothetical trading record of the email alerts is updated weekly here. The hypothetical trading record of the trading model of the real-time alerts that began in March 2016 is shown below.

 

The latest signals of each model are as follows:

• Ultimate market timing model: Buy equities (Last changed from “sell” on 28-Jul-2023)*
• Trend Model signal: Bearish (Last changed from “neutral” on 11-Apr-2025)*
• Trading model: Bullish (Last changed from “neutral” on 28-Feb-2025)*

* The performance chart and model readings have been delayed by a week out of respect to our paying subscribers.

Update schedule: I generally update model readings on my site on weekends. I am also on X/Twitter at @humblestudent and on BlueSky at @humblestudent.bsky.social. Subscribers receive real-time alerts of trading model changes, and a hypothetical trading record of those email alerts is shown here.

Subscribers can access the latest signal in real time here.

Threats to the 60/40 Portfolio

The conventional asset mix of 60% equities and 40% bond is designed to maximize return and minimize volatility risk under a reasonable set of risk tolerance assumptions. The equity portion of the portfolio is meant to provide growth, while the bond portion is designed to provide portfolio stability as bond prices have low to negative correlation to stock prices. In addition, bonds have the additional benefit of a steady income and high assurance of capital preservation, or getting your money back.
 

What happens if the “getting your money back” assumption is shaken?
 

Investors saw that recently when Treasury yields rose (and Treasury prices fell) and the USD fell at the same time. The episode was interpreted as a possible end to the era of American Exceptionalism and the USD as a safe-haven asset. While we saw a similar episode in early 2018, it nevertheless underscores concerns about the 60/40 portfolio as stock bond correlations were rising in both instances. Rising correlation leads to greater portfolio volatility and a reduction in the diversification effects of the two asset classes, which can be worrisome during the current climate of elevated market stress.

What can investors do under such circumstances?
 

The full post can be found here.

 

Special announcement: Humble Student of the Markets will cease publication on March 31, 2026. See this announcement for more details and updates.  

Known unknowns, and unknown unknowns

Ahead of the Second Gulf War, Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld famously referred to “known knowns”, “known unknowns” and “unknown unknowns” when responding to a question about Iraqi weapons of mass destruction.
 

Fast forward to 2025, investors have to contend with a series of known unknowns and unknown unknowns as they consider their investment policy in an environment where global economic uncertainty has skyrocketed to an all-time high.
 

Here are some known unknowns to consider:

• What are the objectives of Trump’s negotiations and how far is he willing to go?
• When will the chaos subside enough that companies can plan and respond to the changes in tariff regimes?
• Will the U.S. economy fall into recession?

Here are some unknown unknowns to consider:

• Have the USD and Treasury securities permanently lost their position as safe havens?
• How much damage has been done to the post-World War II security and financial architecture?

 

The full post can be found here.

 

 

Special announcement: Humble Student of the Markets will cease publication on March 31, 2026. See this announcement for more details and updates.  

Trump's Liz Truss moment?

Mid-week market update: Is this Donald Trump's Liz Truss Moment? In the fall of 2022, UK prime minister passed a series of unfunded tax cuts. The bond market rebelled and sold off hard, especially in the long end of the yield curve. The massive sell-off forced a number of "hedged" pension funds into technical insolvency, which eventually led to the political downfall of the prime minister.

 

Here is where we stand today. The 10-year Treasury yield and other long yields have spiked. The MOVE Index, which is the VIX of the bond market, is up sharply. The yield curve is has marginally recovered from inversion, but nevertheless indicates tight monetary conditions. The trade war factor, which measures the performance of stocks with domestic revenues relative to the S&P 500, has surged.

 

Even as investors fret about how tariffs are affecting the stock market, the real action is in the bond market.

 

The full post can be found here.

 

Special announcement: Humble Student of the Markets will cease publication on March 31, 2026. See this announcement for more details and updates.

 

Bessent's challenges in 2025 and beyond

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent declared in an interview with Fox Business a surprising target. Bessent and the Trump Administration were mainly focused on lowering the 10-year Treasury yield and Trump is not calling the Fed to lower short-term rates. He also reiterated the Trump Administration’s objective of raising energy output and the extension of the TCJA tax cuts.
 

Here is the short-term report card. Since the Fed announced its jumbo half-point rate cut in September, the 2-year Treasury yield, which is a proxy of the market’s expectations for the terminal Fed Funds rate, has risen, and so has the 10-year yield. The 2s/10s yield curve steepened, indicating stronger growth expectations.
 

Since the election, the 2-year yield is roughly flat and the 10-year yield is up marginally. The bond market has shrugged off anxiety over the possible effects of a trade war, when President Trump announced a 25% tariff on Canada and Mexico, which was later walked back, and a 10% tariff on China. More importantly, the U.S. eliminated a de minimis tariff exception on the import of Chinese goods below $800. An entire industry had grown up to exploit this loophole by sending small individual packages to exploit this rule.

 
So far, so good. The bottom panel of the chart summarizes Scott Bessent’s main challenge in controlling the 10-year yield. The MOVE Index, which is the VIX of the bond market, had fallen since the election and readings are relatively low by historical standards. Bessent’s main task is to calm the bond market and keep anxiety levels low.

 

The full post can be found here.

What an actual bond market catastrophe looks like

Mid-week market update: Is the bond market tantrum over?

Here is the good news. In the wake of tame PPI and CPI reports this week, the 30-year Treasury yield retreated while in a resistance zone (top panel). In addition, there is nothing worse than a failed breakout. The second panel shows the inflation factor trade, consisting of long TIPS and short long-dated zero coupon Treasuries, which staged an upside breakout and reversed itself.

 

The worse of the yield spike fears may have passed. But that was nothing. As a lesson. Here is an actual case of what a potential bond market catastrophe from uncontrolled debt growth looks like.

The full post can be found here.

Stock market clues from the bond market

Preface: Explaining our market timing models 

We maintain several market timing models, each with differing time horizons. The "Ultimate Market Timing Model" is a long-term market timing model based on the research outlined in our post, Building the ultimate market timing model. This model tends to generate only a handful of signals each decade.

The Trend Asset Allocation Model is an asset allocation model that applies trend-following principles based on the inputs of global stock and commodity prices. This model has a shorter time horizon and tends to turn over about 4-6 times a year. The performance and full details of a model portfolio based on the out-of-sample signals of the Trend Model can be found here.

 

My inner trader uses a trading model, which is a blend of price momentum (is the Trend Model becoming more bullish, or bearish?) and overbought/oversold extremes (don't buy if the trend is overbought, and vice versa). Subscribers receive real-time alerts of model changes, and a hypothetical trading record of the email alerts is updated weekly here. The hypothetical trading record of the trading model of the real-time alerts that began in March 2016 is shown below.

  

The latest signals of each model are as follows:

• Ultimate market timing model: Buy equities (Last changed from “sell” on 28-Jul-2023)*
• Trend Model signal: Neutral (Last changed from “bullish” on 15-Nov-2024)*
• Trading model: Bullish (Last changed from “neutral” on 15-Oct-2024)*

* The performance chart and model readings have been delayed by a week out of respect to our paying subscribers.

Update schedule: I generally update model readings on my site on weekends. I am also on X/Twitter at @humblestudent and on BlueSky at @humblestudent.bsky.social. Subscribers receive real-time alerts of trading model changes, and a hypothetical trading record of those email alerts is shown here.

Subscribers can access the latest signal in real time here.

Clues from the bond market

The S&P 500 made a marginal all-time high last week and pulled back. However, investors may find insights about the near-term outlook for equities from the bond market.

The accompanying chart shows how the VIX Index (middle panel, red dotted line, inverted scale) and MOVE Index (middle panel, black line, inverted scale), which is the VIX of the Treasury market, have mostly normalized their episode of pre-election anxiety. However, MOVE hasn’t fully normalized compared to VIX. We interpret this to mean that there is more room for Treasury yields to fall (bottom panel), which would be supportive of equity valuation.
 

The combination of sentiment returning to pre-election levels and the S&P 500 remaining in a well-defined uptrend leads us to believe that stock prices can continue to rise into year-end.

 

The full post can be found here.

Near term volatility ahead, but don't fret

Is the U.S. progress on inflation a case of two steps forward, one step back? Even before the stronger-than-expected September CPI report, bond prices were declining in the wake of the Fed’s jumbo half-point rate cut decision.

The Treasury market is exhibiting signs of anxiety from a technical analyst’s perspective. The 7–10-year Treasury ETF (IEF) has declined to test a key rising trend line. The long Treasury bond ETF (TLT) has already violated its trend line.

While the technical violations may only be temporary false breakdowns, these technical signals compel me to explore their asset return implications.

The full post can be found here.

The market is fighting the Fed, should you?

Mid-week market update: The option market was pricing in a daily equity market swing of 1.6% ahead of today's events, namely the May CPI report and the FOMC decision. Even though the S&P 500 gained strongly today, the move could be said to be disappointing in volatility terms.

 

The bullish tone was set this morning by the softer than expected CPI report. Stocks gained but didn't react much to the FOMC decision, despite the hawkish tone of the Summary of Economic Projections. Bond prices held above a key resistance level, and the USD weakened, indicating a risk-on tone.

 

 

The market is fighting the Fed, should you?

 

The full post can be found here.

Is good news good news, or bad news?

Is good economic news good news for equities or bad news? We know how to interpret macro news for the bond market. The Citi Economic Surprise Index (ESI), which measures whether top-down economic releases are beating or missing expectations, has been a bit weak. Historically, a weak ESI has meant lower bond yields.

What does it mean for equities? Investors saw a string of weaker-than-expected macro prints last week, starting with an anemic ISM PMI on Monday, followed by a miss on job openings in JOLTS Tuesday and another miss on ADP employment Wednesday. In each of those cases, bond prices rallied and equities initially weakened, followed by price recoveries later in the day.

I interpret events from the perspective of three trading desks: bonds, commodities and equities.

The full post can be found here.

A new breadth thrust buy signal?

Mid-week market update: Bulls were disappointed when the Zweig Breadth Thrust buy signal didn't achieve its objective when the ZBT Indicator failed to rise from oversold to overbought in 10 trading days. But they received a consolation when it reached a late overbought reading on Monday, which was two days late.

 

 

Do the two extra days matter? Is this a sort or, kind of, breadth thrust buy signal?

 

The full post can be found here.

I told you there would be volatility

Mid-week market update: I told you that there would be volatility (see Numerous wildcards add up to ST volatility). In light of signs of stretched positioning, the prudent course of action for traders is to step to the sidelines.

 

Here are the different sources of volatility that are buffeting the markets.

 

The full post can be found here.

The market meaning of a gold breakout

Gold bulls became very excited when gold prices tested overhead resistance at the 2000–2100 level. In the past, such tests had been met with selling pressure, but technical analysts would interpret a definitive breakout at these levels as opening the door to significant upside.

Moreover, the bottom panel of the accompanying chart shows that the gold to S&P 500 ratio has been making a multi-year bottom, which argues for the start of a cycle that favours hard assets like gold and commodities over paper assets like stocks and bonds. Before you get too excited, such bottoms can take some time to develop and a hard asset bull market may not appear for several years.

In addition, the long-term bull case for commodities and hard assets is underscored by a regime of chronic underinvestment in capital expenditures in commodity extraction industries.

 

I am no gold bug and I have no strong opinion on the direction for gold prices. I am more interested in the cross-asset implications of this gold rally.

 

The full post can be found here.

Nine reason why this rally has legs

Preface: Explaining our market timing models 

We maintain several market timing models, each with differing time horizons. The "Ultimate Market Timing Model" is a long-term market timing model based on the research outlined in our post, Building the ultimate market timing model. This model tends to generate only a handful of signals each decade.

The Trend Asset Allocation Model is an asset allocation model that applies trend-following principles based on the inputs of global stock and commodity prices. This model has a shorter time horizon and tends to turn over about 4-6 times a year. The performance and full details of a model portfolio based on the out-of-sample signals of the Trend Model can be found here.

 

 

My inner trader uses a trading model, which is a blend of price momentum (is the Trend Model becoming more bullish, or bearish?) and overbought/oversold extremes (don't buy if the trend is overbought, and vice versa). Subscribers receive real-time alerts of model changes, and a hypothetical trading record of the email alerts is updated weekly here. The hypothetical trading record of the trading model of the real-time alerts that began in March 2016 is shown below.

The latest signals of each model are as follows:

• Ultimate market timing model: Buy equities (Last changed from “sell” on 28-Jul-2023)*
• Trend Model signal: Bullish (Last changed from “neutral” on 28-Jul-2023)*
• Trading model: Bullish (Last changed from “neutral” on 27-Oct-2023)*

* The performance chart and model readings have been delayed by a week out of respect to our paying subscribers.

Update schedule: I generally update model readings on my site on weekends. I am also on X/Twitter at @humblestudent. Subscribers receive real-time alerts of trading model changes, and a hypothetical trading record of those email alerts is shown here.

Subscribers can access the latest signal in real time here.

 

 

This rally has legs

Last week, I outlined bullish and bearish scenarios and estimated their odds at 70% and 30%, respectively. The bulls won.

A relief rally was more or less inevitable. Once the S&P 500 violated a rising trend line that began at the COVID Crash bottom, it scared the daylights out of the bulls and caused a panic. The weekly slow stochastic touched 10, which has marked either important bottoms or tactical bottoms in the past.

 

I believe the combination of a severely oversold condition, washed out sentiment and the lifting of market concerns will spark a durable rally into year-end. I can think of nine reasons why this rally has legs. The reading of 10 on the weekly slow stochastics is just the first.

 

The full post can be found here.

Stocks want to go to the party, but bonds won't go in the car

Preface: Explaining our market timing models 

We maintain several market timing models, each with differing time horizons. The "Ultimate Market Timing Model" is a long-term market timing model based on the research outlined in our post, Building the ultimate market timing model. This model tends to generate only a handful of signals each decade.

The Trend Asset Allocation Model is an asset allocation model that applies trend-following principles based on the inputs of global stock and commodity prices. This model has a shorter time horizon and tends to turn over about 4-6 times a year. The performance and full details of a model portfolio based on the out-of-sample signals of the Trend Model can be found here.

 

My inner trader uses a trading model, which is a blend of price momentum (is the Trend Model becoming more bullish, or bearish?) and overbought/oversold extremes (don't buy if the trend is overbought, and vice versa). Subscribers receive real-time alerts of model changes, and a hypothetical trading record of the email alerts is updated weekly here. The hypothetical trading record of the trading model of the real-time alerts that began in March 2016 is shown below.

The latest signals of each model are as follows:

• Ultimate market timing model: Buy equities (Last changed from “sell” on 28-Jul-2023)*
• Trend Model signal: Bullish (Last changed from “neutral” on 28-Jul-2023)*
• Trading model: Neutral (Last changed from “bullish” on 11-Oct-2023)*

* The performance chart and model readings have been delayed by a week out of respect to our paying subscribers.

Update schedule: I generally update model readings on my site on weekends. I am also on X/Twitter at @humblestudent. Subscribers receive real-time alerts of trading model changes, and a hypothetical trading record of those email alerts is shown here.

Subscribers can access the latest signal in real time here.

 

 

Valuation pressures

Technical analyst Helene Meisler aptly characterized this market last Thursday as “Stocks want to go to the party. But the bonds won’t get in the car.” I agree.

The equity market appears to be enjoying fundamental and technical tailwinds, but rising Treasury yields are pressuring both stock and bond prices. Indeed, the difference between the S&P 500 forward earnings yield and 10-year Treasury yield hasn’t been this low since 2002. 

 
Will these valuation pressures sink stock prices? What about the bond market?

 

The full post can be found here.

Keep the (bullish) faith

Mid-week market update: The S&P 500 bounce stalled at the 4380-4400 resistance zone, which is just below its 50 dma.

I continue to believe that the next major move is up. Here’s why.

The full post can be found here.